| MURIE AUDUBON SOCIETY CASPER, WYOMING |
| VOLUME 42 - ISSUE 3 MONTHLY PUBLICATION MARCH 2008 |
CALENDAR
March 9 - Daylight Saving Time Begins!!
March 14—Membership Mtg.— 7:00PM—OGCC Bldg.
March 24—Newsletter articles due for April
May 30, 31, June 1 — CHPAS Summer Campout Birding Weekend — Casper
Brown Bag Birding—every Thursday—12:00 noon—ACGC
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Our guest speaker for the March membership meeting is Dr Kent Sundell, Geology Instructor at Casper College. Kent will share more highlights of his trips to Tanzania from the past two years. This second part of the Birds of Tanzania will concentrate on Lake Manyara and the Selous Game Reserve. If you missed Part I of Kent’s show (presented in January), be sure to come see Part Two!! Like Birds of Tanzania Part I, this program promises to be fun as well as educational.
Our meeting will be held on Friday, March 14, 2008. The meeting time and place is 7 pm at the Oil & Gas Conservation Commission Building at 2211 King Blvd., and as always, the program is free and open to the public! Bruce Walgren Program Chair
Many thanks to all who attended the annual banquet and supported Murie Audubon by sponsoring Audubon Adventures, buying raffle tickets, and bidding on the silent auction items. Thanks, also, to everyone who donated items for the raffle and silent auction. Dr. David McDonald’s presentation about the Manakins in Costa Rica had just the right mix of information and humor—thanks Dave.
We had our winter sunflower seed sale at the Audubon Center and sold 47 bags, which is pretty good considering the price increase, etc. Thanks Chris Michelson and Larry Keffer for your assistance with the seed sale. We also had a great place to watch birds while we waited on customers.
Donna and I have recently become more involved in the Bird Hospital’s day-to-day operations and I must say that it can be challenging! Feeding the birds at the flight barn is probably the easiest part of the job – making sure there is enough food for the other feeders, preparing the food and moving the birds around is more of a job. Recently, we received a call about a Red-tailed Hawk that had chased another bird into a furniture warehouse. The Red-tailed Hawk turned out to be a Sharp-shinned Hawk and the warehouse had a 30 foot high ceiling and the overhead door into the warehouse was only about 12 foot high. Did you ever try to get a bird to fly lower and out of a door? The employees at the store were finally able to get the bird out after a couple of days – and the bird was unharmed. The same day we received another call about a Red-tailed Hawk that had been hit on the road. This Red-tailed Hawk turned out to be a Ferruginous Hawk and we were unable to save the bird. So, like the care and feeding of any animal, there are rewards as well as defeats. Mostly, we’ve been reminded of how challenging the work of rehabilitation is.
The weather this last week is teasing us into thinking that spring is near, but do not be fooled my friends, the birds will let us know for sure when the season changes! Until next time…Bruce
Lois Layton accepted the Murie Audubon
Conservation Award at the Annual Banquet on February 9, 2008. Frank was unable
to attend due to illness.
While not Charter Members of Murie Audubon, the Laytons joined soon after the formation of our Chapter. Lois and Frank, along with the early members of Murie, laid the foundation of a conservation ethic that is emulated today. As early as 1971 (no one knows for sure), Lois and Frank began caring for injured birds that were brought to them by the residents of Casper. In those early days, there was very little information available about the care and feeding of orphaned and injured birds. Two local veterinarians (Dr. Keith James and Dr. Alan Miller) were very helpful in developing methods of care for these birds. Typically, injured birds have to be captured so that they can be examined by a veterinarian, and Frank became an expert at catching them. Frank also did most of the driving when birds needed to be taken to the vet, or to meet someone who was delivering an injured bird. Educational outreach has always been an important component of the bird hospital. Lois and Frank have taken their unreleaseable birds to countless venues to educate the public about the birds and their place in the environment. Over the years, the Laytons shared many of their trips with their photos and stories of their adventures at Murie Audubon’s monthly meetings. Lois has served as Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, Newsletter Editor for the Murie chapter, as well as working on various committees throughout the years. Frank has also served as Treasurer, Field Trip Chair, Sunflower Seed Chair, and has worked with various other programs during his time with Murie Audubon.
The Murie Audubon Society Conservation Award is presented periodically to individuals, organizations or businesses that demonstrate a dedication to wildlife and our environment. Bruce Walgren President
China Bans Free Plastic Bags – The Chinese became the latest nation to target plastic bags in their effort to reduce waste and conserve resources. The new regulation prohibits “manufacturing, selling, or using bags less than 0.025 mm thick.” Heavier, more durable bags will still be permitted for sale, though the use of cloth bags is being highly promoted. The ban becomes effective June 1st, a scant two months prior to the Summer Olympic Games hosted by Beijing. Bangladesh has also banned plastic bags. Parts of Ireland, Taiwan, South Africa, and Germany all charge some kind of fee for the use of plastic bags. And last year, San Francisco became the first U.S. city to ban petroleum-based plastic grocery bags. They are also banned in at least 30 remote villages in Alaska. The Sierra Club estimates that people in the U.S. throw out approximately 100 billion plastic bags each year.
Update on Casper’s Garden Creek Restoration Project – Margaret Teevens, City of Casper’s infrastructure maintenance coordinator and director of this project, said that last month rock and log weirs were placed into the banks and bed of Garden Creek in Nancy English Park. The purpose of the weirs is to stabilize the creek and help it return to a more natural state. Planning efforts to control bank erosion and stream flow began in 2003; public meetings were held in 2005. Ms. Teevens noted that the Nancy English Project also serves as a demonstration of various techniques that can be used to stabilize eroded stream banks and beds. Future work still to come includes planting native grasses, shrubs and other plants, and forming buffer zones in the effort to create natural habitat for wildlife and aquatic species and to improve the creek’s water quality. Garden Creek is considered one of the last free-flowing streams in the Casper area, and Teevens’ goal is to improve it and keep trash and litter out of it. Donna Walgren
What bird…….
1. Is an outfielder?
2. Is where gardeners plant extra seeds?
3. Is a regal angler?
4. Is very very fast?
5. Cuts through water?
6. Is a short conversation?
7. Is all tied up?
8. Is a coward from the great plains?
9. Is a sad letter?
10. Murders a game animal?
Click HERE for the answers!
The Bates Hole CBC was held on Jan. 1, 2008. There were 8 participants in the field with a starting temperature at -10 and a warm temperature of about 17 for a short period in the afternoon. There was no wind which was fortunate.
Canada Goose - 97, Trumpeter Swan - 4, Gadwall - 7, A. Widgeon - 6, Mallard - 145, N. Pintail - 1, Green-wing Teal - 1, Common Goldeneye - 204, Common Merganser - 10, Gray Partridge - 5, Chukar - 17, Ring-necked Pheasant - 11, Greater Sage-Grouse - 127, Wild Turkey - 166, Great Blue Heron - 1, Bald Eagle - 7 (2 adult, 5 immature), N. Harrier - 5, Sharp-shinned Hawk - 1, Red-tailed Hawk - 5, Ferruginous Hawk - 1, Rough-legged Hawk - 12, Golden Eagle - 15 (10 adult, 5 immature), Rock Pigeon - 4, Great Horned Owl - 17, Short-eared Owl - 1, Downy Woodpecker - 1, Hairy Woodpecker - 2, N. Flicker - 2 (red shafted), N. Shrike - 2, Clark's Nutcracker - 3, Black-billed Magpie - 152, A. Crow - 8, Common Raven - 38, Horned Lark - 161, Black-capped Chickadee - 7, Mtn. Chickadee - 8, Bushtit - 20, White-breasted Nuthatch - 3, Townsend's Solitaire - 16, A. Robin - 115, European Starling - 150, A. Tree Sparrow - 230, Song Sparrow - 12, Harris's Sparrow - 1, White-crowned Sparrow - 1, Dark-eyed Junco - 93 (Oregon-12, Pink-sided-43, slate-colored-38), Red-winged Blackbird - 48, W. Meadowlark - 8, Common Grackle - 1, Gray-crowned Rosy Finch - 75, House Finch - 115, Common Redpoll - 1, Pine Siskin - 1, A. Goldfinch - 15, House Sparrow - 90.
55 species, 2,249 individuals
Chris Michelson
There have been some interesting bird sightings reported – first of all, the Sandhill Cranes have started arriving in the Rainwater Basin along the Platte River in Nebraska (a sure sign of the coming of spring!). Also, a Band-tailed Pigeon has been seen regularly in eastern Nebraska the last couple weeks. And perhaps the most unusual sighting is an Ivory Gull at Lake Oahe near Pierre, South Dakota. This bird (being far south of its northern ice field habitat in the Arctic Circle) has stirred up quite a bit of excitement. Of additional concern is the fact that this species’ numbers are decreasing due to habitat loss because of icecap melt.
Here in Casper, Meg and Kent Sundell’s yard has been a hub of activity. Among the birds frequenting their yard are Dark-eyed Juncos, 3 species of sparrow (Song, Harris’s, and Am. Tree), Blue and Steller’s Jays, Black-billed Magpies, Pine Siskins, Downy Woodpeckers, Eurasian Collared-Doves, an errant female Brown-headed Cowbird, and of course, House Sparrows, House Finches, and numerous starlings. A Sharp-shin has also been a regular “feeder” in the Sundell yard.
Remember what our friend Lucy Rognstad always said: “Birds are where you find them.” And that can be in your back yard and neighborhood.
January Yard Birds – For the month of January, Wayne and I received 182 yard bird selections from 19 states plus Yukon Territory, Egypt, Madagascar, and Mexico with 77 different species reported. This time of year usually has numerous reports of nuthatches, woodpeckers, Bohemian Waxwings, and various raptors; and January’s Yard Bird report does reflect that. The most reported species was Bald Eagle. Coming in a close second was Pygmy Nuthatch. Right behind was a tie between Mountain Chickadee and Northern Flicker. Again, following closely was a three-way tie for fourth place – Downy Woodpecker, Sharp-shinned Hawk, and Cooper’s Hawk.
Casper: Jim Herold – Mountain Chickadee, Evelyn DiPaolo – Cedar Waxwing, Rose-Mary King – Townsend’s Solitaire, Chris Michelson – Purple Finch, Casper College Greenhouse – American Robin, Tammy Brown – Dark-eyed Junco, Bruce Walgren – Northern Flicker, Donna Walgren – House Finch; Buffalo: Deane Bjerke – Cooper’s Hawk; Dubois: Anna Moscicki – Steller’s Jay; Evanston: Patti Gorman – Sharp-shinned Hawk; Lovell: Glen Olsen – Eurasian Collared-Dove.
Thanks to all who helped with the Yard Bird Project in January!! We are still in the throes of winter (another storm is moving into the Rockies as I write this), and birds are continuing to move around looking for food sources – and maybe areas of more pleasant weather! Send your bird notes and yard bird reports to Donna Walgren, 4311 S. Center St., Casper, WY 82601, or email to Piranga_AT_bresnanDOTnet, or phone 234-7455. Donna Walgren
The State Office has been quite busy over the last few months. We have three new employees; Kevin Doherty, Senior Sagebrush Ecologist, Sharon Kahin PhD, Director of Development and Lynn Jones, Office Manager. Both Kevin and Lynn are full-time and based in the Laramie office and Sharon is part-time and bases from her ranch in Dubois. Their full bios are available on the Audubon Wyoming website. We are pleased to have all of them join us.
Brian Rutledge is busy driving the fundraising as we continue into the second half of our fiscal year as well as heading the Sagebrush Initiative with Kevin. Brian has been a real road-warrior as he reaches out to the Governor, federal and state agencies, universities and our constituents spreading the word about the threats to the Greater Sage-grouse. The March/April issue of Audubon Magazine has a great article on the sagebrush ecosystem. Make sure you look for it. The western region directors have adopted this as their priority initiative for the coming year and National Audubon Society has made this a top priority too.
Kevin is the senior scientist behind the Sagebrush Initiative. Through the generosity of the Hewlett Foundation funding, we have begun to provide scientific leadership toward developing and advocating a set of comprehensive, region-wide solutions to the current sagebrush ecosystem crisis and have successfully begun to build a consensus on the best practices. Kevin has begun creating GIS (Geographic Information Systems) maps that show priority sage steppe habitat with associated species and threats to those areas. Audubon Wyoming is now positioned to use the maps to help guide federal studies and management plans. Kevin, also, has a seat at the table with the Wyoming Governor’s Technical Committee for Sage-grouse habitat mapping.
Alison Lyon-Holloran and the Community Naturalists have been visiting schools and giving presentations all over the state. They have been busy writing grant proposals for upcoming summer projects and getting the NEW MAPS station ready at Keyhole Sate Park. Funding by the National Fish and Wildlife Federation has been achieved for improvements to the Gros Ventre IBA and work will be in full swing by summer.
Whenever you’re in Laramie, stop in and see our new office at 358 N. 5th Street. We love having fellow birders visit. If you need us for anything, we can be reached at (307) 745-4848 or e-mail Lynn at ljones_AT_audubonDOTorg. Lynn Jones
I will not be collecting printer ink cartridges anymore. I was very disappointed in the monetary return for the amount of cartridges that I sent in late last year. It wasn’t worth my time or yours in getting them all together. If the manufacturer of your ink cartridges encloses a return envelope to recycle the cartridge, please do that for the good of the environment. Otherwise, you can recycle your cartridges at Office Max and Staples. Both will give you $3.00 for each cartridge towards an in store purchase – 5 at one time. Staples gives $3.00 coupons for HP, Dell and Lexmart (among others according to their website). Rose-Mary King
Bruce Walgren sent a query to the WyoBirds ListServe asking about a favorite bird of the past year (2007), where it was found and why it was a favorite. The responses are as follows.
Bruce Walgren, Casper, WY - My favorite bird was the Red-winged Blackbird. Yes, I know it is a common bird, but for me, hearing their song in the spring really kicks off the birding season. We even get a few in the yard, but they are more common around Yesness Park which is a short walk from our house and I enjoy hearing and watching them as they sing on territory.
Chris W, Richland County, WI - My favorite had to be the Lazuli Bunting I found at a state park somewhere east of Yellowstone NP. That was one cool bird. It flew right over the hood of my car!
The other one has to be the Swallow-tailed Kite that I found on St George Island in FL. They are the most graceful bird I have ever seen.
Deb
Paulson, Laramie, WY -
At first I thought it would be impossible to pick my favorite, but then I
remembered the Tufted Puffins. After searching for and finding them as little
dots at sea for a week on the Oregon coast in August, we finally hit a daylight
low tide and were able to watch them at close range coming and going from their
burrows on Haystack Rock near Canon Beach. Worth breaking camp in the dark for –
not to mention all the other cool stuff in the tide pools.
Pete Arnold, Cheyenne, WY - Pretty tough question, but my favorite bird of 2007 is the Yellow-headed Blackbird. They are so energetic and vibrant, particularly in April and May.
Steve Waltz - Black Capped Chickadee! It never ceases to amaze me how they can endure sub-zero temps and still thrive. Steller's Eider seen in Seward, AK. With the situation in the Bering Sea, don't know when, or if I'll see another.
Gloria Pike, Cheyenne, WY - Gosh, I know I'm way new at this compared to most people on this list, but honestly I loved ALL of them!
Rose-Mary King, Casper, WY - My favorite bird of 2007 was the Stellar's Jay because I haven't seen one in my yard for a long time and I think they are a very pretty bird.
Chris Michelson, Casper, WY - I think my best bird of 2007 was the adult male Baltimore Oriole seen this fall at the Audubon Center at Garden Creek during one of the brown bag birding Thursdays. This is such a spectacular bird and not often found this far west in Wyoming.
Bob and Suzanne Hargis, Riverton , WY - The best bird of the year for us was the unlikely of unlikely appearances of an adult Harris’s Hawk in the Riverview area. The hawk was first seen and photographed on Halloween by Dr. Jim Taylor at his home West of Riverton, eyeing his chickens.
Suzanne and I photographed the bird on November 25 and it was observed to have no jesses or leg bands making it likely to be a wild bird.
It was last seen on December 7 by Jim Taylor at an old tree farm on Riverview Road at the bottom of Hill Street. Rabbits were abundant in the area this year which may have kept him/her going.
How this AZ, NM, TX desert dwelling hawk got here is a matter of much speculation. It’s survival for such a length of time is even more remarkable with extended days of sub 0° weather.
Thanks to all the falconers and raptor specialists that weighed in on possible origins of this bird and their efforts are appreciated.
More in April’s Plains and Peaks.
Chris Eagan wrote to the WyoBirds ListServe that he put together a web site to keep track of your yard list online and hoped other "yard birders" would find it useful, too. Check it out at Yard Birder
Wings over Carbon County Birding Club will host a birding festival on June 6th, 7th and 8th. It will start with a backyard picnic at the Bergquist home on Friday evening. On Saturday and Sunday we plan field trips but the location is still in question because of the large amount of snow the mountains have received this winter. That question will be answered closer to the date. We will have our annual banquet Saturday evening at the Medicine Bow Lodge and a speaker afterwards.
Put it on your calendar and more information will follow at a later date.
Francis Bergquist, 307-326-8073, fcbjmn_AT_hotmailDOTcom
Pete Arnold of Cheyenne sent the following question to WyoBirds ListServe: “Can any of you experts explain to me what it is about the structure of a drake Mallard’s head feathers that causes them to appear to be different colors depending on the direction of the sun?”
Here are the responses from Wil Cornell and Dr. David McDonald.
Wil Cornell wrote: I'm no ornithological expert but I have accumulated what my wife refers to as a "ridiculous collection of bird books". Anyway, I now feel justified and regard my ornithological library as a "need" rather than an "indulgence".
I have often wondered about this same phenomenon presenting itself in hummers.
In Chapter 4 of Frank Gill's behemoth "Ornithology" (W.H. Freeman, New York 2001) he explains this matter in some detail. The feather structure is the culprit as pointed out on pages 89 and 90: "Many of the brightest feather colors such as parrot greens, bluebird blues, and hummingbird iridescences are structural colors that result from the physical alteration of incident light at the feather surface. In general structural blues and greens result from the scattering of short (blue) wavelengths of incident light by tiny melanin particles in the surface cells on the feather barbs. The remaining longer (red and yellow) wavelengths pass through the surface layer to an absorbent melanin layer below. Blue is left as the apparent hue.”
With regard to iridescence and your question specifically, he continues: "Iridescence projects glistening colors such as the "eyes" on a peacock's tail and the brilliant throat of a hummingbird. These colors depend on the angle of incidence of the light striking the feathers; iridescent feathers appear black from certain viewing angles because their colors result from interference of light waves reflected from the outer and inner surfaces of hollow granules or other structures. The brilliant iridescences of hummingbird feathers come from 7 to 15 closely stacked layers of tiny melanin granules, located on barbules. Each granule is a flat, hollow platelet with two reflecting layers that create particular colors by light interference and reinforcement. The intensity of iridescence increases with the number of granule layers."
Pretty cool. At the risk of copyright infringement I won't continue. I think we get the basic concept. How cool would it be to look at one of those iridescent feathers under a microscope!
(Frank B. Gill's "Ornithology" Hardcover: 720 pages, Publisher: W. H. Freeman; 2nd edition (ISBN-10: 0716724154) Pages 89-90 cited.
Dr. David McDonald wrote: One more interesting thing about “color.” Vision is an interaction between the signal/physical environment (in this case the reflection of light) and the receiver (in this case the visual system). But receivers vary. Humans have trichromatic vision — we have three color receptors. Many birds are tetrachromatic — they have four color receptors, with the addtion in the violet, ultraviolet wavelengths. Many non-primate mammals are dichromatic. We see purple as an entirely different color than either red or blue, because we process reflectance in both wavelengths. But blue + UV doesn’t do anything for us. Imagine a color that is as different from blue as purple is, but in another dimension. That “added dimension” is what many birds have (blue + green + UV = ultra-grue?). The closest we can get, perhaps, is to think of the changed colors we see in those indoor minigolf dayglo places (note they achieve the effect by having only UV illumination). Some feathers may cause reflectance of wavelengths we simply can’t see. The “oily” reflectance of starlings or magpies may have an added dimension for those birds, or lead to bold patterns in the plumage that are invisible to us. Maybe starlings are brightly checkered in a yellow/black analog!
Until fairly recently, most biologists assumed that birds and humans saw the world in pretty much the same way. Researchers would thumb through the field guides and separate birds into bright vs. dull on the basis of how humans perceive the colors. Now they realize that to really understand bird plumage we need to measure the wavelengths of reflected light with a full-spectrum machine called a spectrophotometer AND the “quality” of the light environment (forest shade filters out many wavelengths — colors with maximal contrast in open sunshine may not be so in forest undergrowth and vice versa) AND the visual system of the receiver (number and sensitivities of the cones). And then, of course, the brain can do various weird and wonderful things when transmitting all the above to our perception of the stimuli.
The same distinction that Will pointed out for blue (structural) vs. red (pigment) in feathers, also works for skin — think of the bare red skin of a Turkey Vulture or frigatebird versus the blue skin around the eyes of many tropical antbirds and cracids (guans, chachalacas; bill of Ruddy Duck; best I can do is roadrunner for N American bird with blue skin). Further, the biophysics of how blue skin and feathers work is probably more complicated than some of the simple models would suggest. Under a microscope, bright blue feathers are brownish-gray, but they do have neat barbule patterns that filter the light.
For pigment-based colors, birds often vary in their ability to sequester the necessary pigments, such as carotenoids. Think of the spectrum of brightness one can easily find in House Finches or Red Crossbills (Cardinals don’t seem to vary nearly as much....).
Bart Rea received a copy of the following letter from Nathaniel Reed to David Seideman, Editor of the Audubon Magazine regarding the Eagle Kill article in the Jan/Feb issue of the Audubon Magazine.
January 4, 2008
Dear Mr. Seideman,
My pleasure of reading the account in the January-February issue of Audubon of the end of the relentless attack on both golden and bald eagles that culminated with the arrest and subsequent death of Herman Werner, a ten-fold increase in the penalty for killing an eagle and the exposure of the aerial gunning and poisoning that was all too commonly accepted practice in the sheep rearing states is tempered by the editing of the article, the placement of the article in the magazine and the loss of two great side lights of the story that would have ‘made it’ for a great many senior Audubon members.
The oversights, in my opinion, were the placement of the article, buried on page 84 on the left side of the page.
The facts that the dead eagles were discovered by an Audubon leader, hidden by an Audubon member, and the role of Charles Callison, an Audubon hero, somehow was underplayed.
Obviously, I am dismayed that you thought that the coincidence of Bart Rea and Nathaniel Reed becoming members of the National Audubon Board simultaneously having never met each other was not worth highlighting. It might have amused your readers to have seen a photograph of the two old Audubon codgers, Rea and Reed, who had much to do with the success story. Failure to publish pictures of National Audubon’s ‘champion’, Charles Callison and the incomparable Chuck Lawrence was an ‘oversight’, in my opinion.
I keep a copy of a faded newspaper account of Jim Vogan testifying before Congress in my desk. It’s a memento of an extraordinary moment in my ‘personal journey of life’.
I keep the memories of the Murie Audubon Society members, Bart Rea, Charles Lawrence, Charlie Callison and Elliott Richardson close at hand.
Either I forgot or your editor removed a wonderful vignette. As I was leaving to testify before a special Senate hearing on the killing of the eagles, I had a ‘revelation’. I needed a bald and golden eagle to be on the witness stand with me. I called Dillon Ripley, the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institute and asked him if I could ‘borrow a couple of specimens’ of both eagles. I had to divert my driver from a direct route to the Senate side of the Hill, but there, at the front door to the Smithsonian Castle was a box containing two bald and two golden eagles that made every evening television show and newspaper in America.
Dennis Drabelle wrote a fine article that was subjected to a fair amount of editing. Frankly, it lost some of the color, the sense of excitement, and the undercover and overhead efforts to locate the eagle cache. The ‘evil’ of widespread eagle killing, from Texas to Montana, was underplayed. Literally thousands of eagles were poisoned and shot yearly, a fact that was kept ‘quiet’ by the state game departments for many years.
The article lost the relevance of Callison’s vital importance to forcing the ‘eagle issue’. He bugged me, bugged the Congress, and finally with General Richardson’s invaluable assistance, he witnessed to the indictment of Herman Werner. I honestly believe that without Callison’s determination to see that Werner was indicted the case might have been dismissed. He drove the issue, wouldn’t let it die.
This was in a real sense an Audubon victory that could have found far greater prominence in Audubon magazine. Younger, less knowledgeable members of the organization might have learned about a combination of events that brought strangers, but strangers who were Audubon members, together for a worthy cause.
Sincerely, Nathaniel P. Reed
(Click on pictures to see larger version.)
Ann
Hines and Ken Keffer
Ken
Keffer
Ken
was (is?) just a big KID which made him so popular with these kids. This
relationship fostered a hunger in the kids for the natural world. Notice the
hats? We hardly ever saw Ken without a hat of some description! Bon Voyage,
Ken, best of luck and come see us!
